Why is moisture a concern for electrical insulation?

Moisture is a significant concern for electrical insulation primarily because it can reduce dielectric strength and lead to electrical failure. Dielectric strength refers to the maximum electric field that a material can withstand without breaking down. When moisture infiltrates the insulation material, it alters its physical and chemical properties. This moisture presence provides a conductive pathway that diminishes the overall insulation resistance, making it more likely for current to leak. This leakage can cause short circuits, damage to electrical devices, and potential hazards such as fires or electric shock.

Moreover, the absorption of water can lead to the degradation of the insulating material itself, reducing its effectiveness over time. Therefore, understanding the impact of moisture helps in selecting the right materials and taking preventive measures in electrical installations to ensure safety and reliability.