Why is the selection of insulation material critical in high-voltage applications?

The selection of insulation material in high-voltage applications is critical primarily because insulators need to withstand high voltage without breaking down or causing hazards. In high-voltage environments, electric fields are intense, and if an insulator is unable to handle the stress imposed by these voltages, it could lead to electrical breakdown, resulting in arcing, short circuits, or catastrophic failures. This not only jeopardizes the equipment but also poses significant hazards to personnel and infrastructure.

In addition to ensuring reliability, the correct insulation prevents potential safety issues such as fires or electrical shocks. Not all materials can cope with the demands of high-voltage operations; therefore, choosing an appropriate insulator material is essential for the safe and efficient functioning of electrical systems in these applications.